11月10日，國家能源局和國家發改委聯合發布《關于建立煤電容量電價機制的(de)通(tong)知》，正式將現行(xing)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)單(dan)一(yi)制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)調整為兩部制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)，其中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)通(tong)過市場(chang)化(hua)(hua)方式形(xing)成(cheng)，靈敏反(fan)映(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市場(chang)供(gong)需、燃料成(cheng)本變(bian)化(hua)(hua)等情況；容量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)水平根據(ju)轉型進度等實際情況合理確定(ding)并(bing)逐步調整，充(chong)分體現煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統的(de)支撐調節價(jia)值，確保煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)行(xing)業持續健(jian)康運行(xing)。

煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價按照回收煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)機組一定(ding)比(bi)例(li)固(gu)(gu)定(ding)成本(ben)(ben)的方式確定(ding)。其中(zhong)，用于(yu)計算容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價的煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)機組固(gu)(gu)定(ding)成本(ben)(ben)實行全國統一標準，為每年(nian)(nian)每千(qian)瓦330元；通過(guo)容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價回收的固(gu)(gu)定(ding)成本(ben)(ben)比(bi)例(li)，綜合考慮各地電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統需(xu)要、煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)功能轉(zhuan)型情(qing)況(kuang)等因素確定(ding)，2024～2025年(nian)(nian)多數地方為30%左(zuo)右(you)，部分煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)功能轉(zhuan)型較(jiao)快的地方適(shi)當高一些，為50%左(zuo)右(you)（各省(sheng)級(ji)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價水(shui)平具(ju)體見(jian)附件）。2026年(nian)(nian)起，將各地通過(guo)容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價回收固(gu)(gu)定(ding)成本(ben)(ben)的比(bi)例(li)提升至不低于(yu)50%。

至此煤電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價千(qian)(qian)呼萬(wan)喚始(shi)出來。更早之前，抽水蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價也已(yi)公布(bu)。2023年5月15日(ri)，國(guo)家(jia)發展改革(ge)委發布(bu)《國(guo)家(jia)發展改革(ge)委關(guan)于(yu)抽水蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價及有關(guan)事項的通知》，明確抽水蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)費從“納入輸配電(dian)(dian)價回收”改為在(zai)輸配電(dian)(dian)價外單列，并核定在(zai)運及2025年底前擬投運的48座抽水蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價。其中存量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)31個，合(he)計(ji)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)3050萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、平均容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價427元(yuan)(yuan)/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)·年。對(dui)于(yu)100萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)以上電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)，容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價在(zai)324元(yuan)(yuan)（廣東惠州(zhou)）和(he)(he)576元(yuan)(yuan)（江蘇溧陽）之間。新(xin)增電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)17個，合(he)計(ji)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)2550萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、平均容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價566元(yuan)(yuan)/千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)·年，容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價較(jiao)存量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)高33%。受站(zhan)(zhan)址(zhi)資源及造價影響，各(ge)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)價在(zai)511元(yuan)(yuan)（豐寧二(er)期）和(he)(he)690元(yuan)(yuan)（新(xin)疆阜康）之間。

無論是煤電還是抽水蓄能，容量電價政策對其都有實質性利好，但是新型儲能電價政策一直未出臺。

2021年(nian)7月，國家(jia)發展改革委、國家(jia)能(neng)源局聯合發布《關于加快推動新型儲能(neng)發展的指(zhi)導(dao)意見》，明確了2025年(nian)實現新型儲能(neng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量(liang)3000萬千瓦以上，2030年(nian)實現全面市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)化的目(mu)標，并明確了支持新型儲能(neng)作為獨立市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體參與電力中長期市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)、現貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)和輔(fu)助服務(wu)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。

現階國內(nei)新型儲能(neng)電站的商業模式較為單一(yi)。發電側(ce)(ce)配置儲能(neng)電站主要依靠減少棄電率(lv)，提升發電效(xiao)率(lv)增加收益(yi)；用戶側(ce)(ce)共享儲能(neng)電站收益(yi)主要來自峰(feng)谷(gu)價(jia)差，由(you)于峰(feng)谷(gu)價(jia)差受到電價(jia)波動(dong)以及電網(wang)代購(gou)電的影響，整(zheng)體收益(yi)不(bu)穩定。

早(zao)在2022年兩會(hui)期間，全國政協委員、寧德時代(dai)董事長曾毓群(qun)就曾在提(ti)案中提(ti)出(chu)，針對抽(chou)水(shui)蓄能，國家已經出(chu)臺了容量(liang)電價機制。但發展空(kong)間更大的新(xin)型儲能，卻無法同等(deng)享受容量(liang)電價政策(ce)，面臨不公平競爭，發展速度和(he)質(zhi)量(liang)嚴(yan)重受限。建議(yi)參照抽(chou)水(shui)蓄能建立適用新(xin)型儲能特點的容量(liang)電價政策(ce)，給企(qi)業形成(cheng)穩定合理的收益空(kong)間。

根據「儲能之音」了解，國家發改委和國家能源局正在醞釀和制定國家層面的新型儲能容量電價政(zheng)策，并召開(kai)了多次會議(yi)，有(you)望在今年年內出臺(tai)。

雖然國家(jia)尚未出臺(tai)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)政策(ce)，但部(bu)分地(di)方政府在(zai)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)探(tan)索方面已經邁出了(le)一步。今年6月，新(xin)疆發(fa)改委印發(fa)《關于建立(li)(li)健全支持新(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)健康有(you)序(xu)發(fa)展配套政策(ce)的通知》，提出建立(li)(li)獨立(li)(li)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)補償(chang)機制，在(zai)國家(jia)出臺(tai)統一新(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)政策(ce)前，對(dui)新(xin)疆投運的獨立(li)(li)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)先按照放電(dian)(dian)量(liang)實施0.2元/千瓦(wa)時(shi)的容(rong)(rong)量(liang)補償(chang)。